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Cardiovascular disease is the name given to disorders of the heart and blood vessels. The WHO stated that 32% of all global deaths in 2022 were caused by CVDs, and 38% of premature deaths (deaths under the age of 70) were also caused by CVD. Therefore, it is important to have an understanding of these diseases and their symptoms so that doctors can detect them early in patients and begin management with counselling and medication, increasing the chances of preventing future p

Have we ever really thought much about the very commonly used phrase "women"? Some are all emotions and less logic. Some might look towards it with an intention of raising questions against such misogynistic generalization, and some might as well agree with the statement with not much second thought, but it should make the curious mind find out the true reason of why most men label women as "hard to figure out"—is it just general misogyny or a true fact or something that has

Long before lab tests or X-rays, doctors believed four bodily fluids called the humours controlled your health. If you had a fever, felt sad, or just felt “off”, it was because of your humours, apparently.  The idea of the four humours dates back to ancient Greece, around 400 BCE. The father of medicine, Hippocrates, introduced the concept as a way to explain how the body worked. He believed the human body was made up of blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile. Each humor

I love to dance! I’ve been doing it since the age of 5, and since then, I have gotten into costume and slathered on make-up dozens of times to perform. But what if I told you there’s more to dance than just flashy costumes and catchy beats?  Dance can, in fact, help your brain as much as your body. Over 10 million people worldwide are living with Parkinson’s Disease, a neurodegenerative movement disorder. And recently, scientists seemed to be running out of solutions for move

Your brain is the most complex structure in the known universe. To understand how it works, we have to look past our thoughts and feelings and examine the  neurobiological mechanisms —the physical "nuts and bolts" that keep the system running. These processes turn biological tissue into human consciousness. 1. The Power of the Pulse The fundamental unit of the brain is the  neuron . Unlike other cells in your body, neurons are designed for high-speed communication. They opera

Death is the one thing we are all guaranteed to experience, yet have a difficult time discussing. And as a teenager, it isn’t something we often dwell on at our young age. But the reality is, according to the National Institutes of Health, there were approximately 1 million patients receiving end-of-life care in the United States in 2011, cared for by approximately 2.3 million caregivers, demonstrating that end-of-life care affects not just those in it, but those surrounding

We all have that feeling where sometimes when we see someone, we feel like half of our discomfort automatically disappears just because that person is around. Or how we’re more likely to visit a doctor who gives us “good vibes” because of the belief they’ll make us feel better. But why is that the case? It is because of what I like to call “The Caregiver Effect.” The mental health of our caregiver determines a major part of our health! So when you go to the doctor with “good

Medical research is not as objective as you might think. Despite the substantial advancements in biomedical science over the past century, the development of women’s health research tells a more complicated story. Across multiple specialties, conditions that affect primarily women have been underfunded, underresearched, and, at times, clinically minimized. The effects of this are measurable, with women consistently struggling to get the help they need in a medical setting. Fo

For many parents, the onset of adolescence feels like living with a stranger. The child who once sought comfort now seeks conflict. However, viewing teenage anger as a "behavioral problem" misses the mark. It is more accurately a developmental milestone —albeit a loud and stressful one. 1. The Biological "Lag": Why They Can’t Just Calm Down To understand teen anger, we have to look at the architecture of the adolescent brain. The brain develops from the back to the front. The

I remember looking through an old photo album with my father, and seeing an image of my grandmother, smiling with the glow of youth, surrounded by friends. She was beautiful. She was healthy. She was standing .  More than 15 years ago, my grandmother was diagnosed with Parkinson’s Disease. You may have heard the name before, but the true implication of such a diagnosis is never understood. Unlike more known diseases like Alzheimer’s and cancer, not many people know what Park

Inside the Teenage Brain: A Work in Progress  If you’ve ever looked at a teenager and wondered, "What were they thinking?" science finally has a more nuanced answer than "hormones."Recent neurobiological research shows that the adolescent brain isn’t just a smaller version of an adult brain; it is a highly specialized, rapidly remodeling organ. It is a period of "high-speed" construction where the brain's emotional centers are fully online, but the "brakes"—the rational con

Think of your body like a high-end smartphone. To keep it running at peak performance, you need the right charger, regular software updates, and a solid case. Now, imagine a background app is running that you didn’t download—one that’s slowly draining your battery, lagging your apps, and overheating the processor without you even realizing it. In the real world, that "background app" is often High Blood Pressure (HBP) . Even if you feel totally invincible right now, understan